Development of Mathematical Formulae for O2 and CO2 Dissociation Curves in the Blood

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Abstract
Mathematical formulae have been developed to represent O 2 and CO 2 dissociation curves. The formulation is based on the kinetics of O 2 and CO 2 with haemoglobin, taking into account the pH of the blood. The oxygen saturation function derived here is similar to the well-known Hill's equation with the important difference that the equilibrium constant is explicitly dependent on the blood P CO 2 and pH. A new functional form, proposed here, for the CO 2 dissociation curve shows an explicit dependence on P O 2 pH, and haematocrit. The results for O 2 saturation function, obtained from our simpler equations based on formulated physical principles, are in good agreement with those computed from Kelman's empirical relations and Margaria's equation. It is shown that the O 2 and CO 2 dissociation curves computed from our formulae fit in fairly well with the experimental data. The study enables the O 2 saturation and total blood CO 2 content to be computed in hyperbaric and high-altitude environments.

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