STUDY OF AXONAL DYSTROPHY. I. PATHOLOGY OF THE NEUROPIL OF THE GRACILE AND THE CUNEATE NUCLEI IN AGEING AND OLD RATS: A STEREOLOGICAL STUDY

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Abstract
The changes with age in the neuropil of the gracile and the cuneate nuclei of rats were studied using stereological techniques [EM], in relation to the occurrence of axonal dystrophy. There was a significant difference in the volume fraction of presynaptic boutons between the gracile and the cuneate nuclei throughout the whole life span (17 and 13%, respectively, at 100 days of age); a progressive decrease in the volume fraction (34% decrease in the gracile nucleus between 100-800 days of age) and in the numerical density of presynaptic boutons , the decline being evident as soon as the animals reached maturity and before axonal dystrophy became manifest; significant differences in the volume fractions of dendrites and nerve cell bodies between the 2 nuclei throughout the whole life span of the animals, both being greater in the cuneate than in the gracile nucleus; and age-related decrease in the volume fraction of dendrites was also suspected in the gracile nucleus; and a progressive increase in the volume fraction of fibrous astrocytic processes (from 3% at 100 days to 10.5% at 800 days in the gracile nucleus). These age-related changes of presynaptic boutons and fibrous astrocytic processes were significant only in the gracile nucleus, not in the cuneate. The loss of boutons in ageing gracile nuclei was partially reflected in the appearance of degenerating nerve fibers in ageing gracile tract in the rostral cervical cord. Involutional loss of boutons and dystrophic formation of spheroids appear and progress closely related in time and space. This set of changes can be understood as 1 integrated whole in which axonal dystrophy may represent only 1 fact. The question of the causal mechanism of axonal dystrophy remained unanswered.