End Effects of Pressure-Resistant Concrete Shells

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Abstract
A study was made to establish the influence of end restraint on the strength and structural response of concrete cylindrical shells subjected to external pressure. To this end, five three-dimensional analysis cases were performed, using a finite element program called NFAP with a work-hardening plasticity-based constitutive relation subroutine for the concrete material. The program is capable of performing parametric studies on the influence of variably restrained end supports, geometrical imperfections, nonlinear nature of stress-strain-fracture response, and the nonconservative nature of hydrostatic loading. The study concluded that for cylinders not failed by structural instability, the introduction of radial springs at the ends coupled with some restraint on the axial movement of cylinder can result in a significant increase in the implosion strength. However, simply introducing only radial springs without imposing an axial restraint at the ends of the cylinder can not affect the implosion strength significantly.

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