Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli Associated with Persistent Diarrhea in a Cohort of Rural Children in India

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Abstract
A cohort of 452 rural children was followed longitudinally for 13 mo to ascertain the role of HEp-2 cell adherent Escherichia coli and other pathogens in causing acute (≤14 d) and persistent (>14 d) diarrhea. Aeromonas, Campylobacter jejuni, E. coli manifesting localized adherence to HEp-2 cells and enterotoxigenic E. coli were significantly associated with acute diarrhea. E. coli strains that exhibit aggregative adherence, so-called enteroaggregative E. coli, a newly-described category of diarrheagenic E. coli distinct from enterotoxigenic, enteroinvasive, enterohemorrhagic, and enteropathogenic E. coli, were found significantly more often in patients with persistent diarrhea (29.5%) than with acute diarrhea (12.8%) (P = .0052) or controls (9.9%) (P = .0006).