Comparison of Virulence ofXanthomonas campestrispv.oryzaein Thailand and the Philippines

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Abstract
Isolates of X. campestris pv. oryzae collected in Thailand and the Philippines were distinguished into groups of strains for virulence on rice (Oryza sativa) cultivars with different genes for resistance to the pathogen. All groups of this bacterial pathogen were avirulent on cultivar DV85 (recessive gene xa-5 and dominant Xa-7). Group 0 was avirulent on all cultivars, including IR8 and RD9 that carry no genes for resistance to the pathogen. The Thai group I was comparable to the Philippine group I and was virulent only on ''IR8'' and ''RD9''. The Philippine group II was similar in virulence to the Thai group III but differed from it in that it was virulent on both ''RD7'' (genes not analyzed) and ''IR20'' (dominant gene Xa-4); the Philippine group II was virulent on ''RD7'' but not on ''IR20''. Only the Philippine group III isolates were virulent to ''IR1545-339'' that has the recessive gene xa-5 for resistance to the pathogen. Groups II and III were virulent on ''IR1695'' (dominant gene Xa-6) and PI [plant introduction] 231129 (recessive gene xa-8); both cultivars have adult plant resistance to X. campestris pv. oryzae. Pathogen specialization has probably occurred and the specificity of infection of these differential cultivars can be distinguished in the vegetative stage by lesion length or area.

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