Human Parainfluenza Virus Induces a Type-Specific Protective Immune Response

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Abstract
Induction oftype-specific and cross-protective immune responses against human parainfluenza viruses have been investigated. The envelope glycoproteins HN (76 kDa) and Fo (62 kDa) from parainfluenza type 2 virus were selectively solubilized with octylglucoside. Detergent-soluble envelope glycoproteins were used as vaccine antigens for intranasal immunization of hamsters. The immunized animals showed complete protection from challenge infection with prototype live virusbut failed to demonstrate asignificant levelofprotection against either human parainfluenza type 1 or type 3 virus. The sera and bronchial lavages of immunized animals also showed typespecific neutralizing antibodies. A similar type-specific protective immune response was also noted after primary infection with live virus. The results indicate that a multivalent parainfluenza virus vaccine is probably required for protection against natural infection.