Penetration of Cationic Dyes into Acrylic Fibers

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Abstract
The penetration of cationic dyes into acrylic fibers has been studied by microscopic observation of fiher cross sections. The rate of penetration was found to increase with increasing fiber annealing temperature, site content, temperature and (high) acetic acid content of the bath, as well as with decreasing load. It decreased only slightly with in creasing draw ratio and was independent of dye concentration in solution or on the fiber surface, of pH and of salt concentration. A maximum in the color intensity gradient and its approximately linear variation with the square root of time made possible the determination of a penetration coefficient which has been compared with the apparent diffusion coefficient. With the exception of the effect of draw ratio, the results of the penetration and sorption experiments were in good agreement.

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