THE EFFECT OF HIGH TEMPERATURE ON UREDIAL DEVELOPMENT IN CEREAL RUSTS

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Abstract
The effect of high temperatures on the development of stem rust and leaf rust on wheat seedlings and stem rust and crown rust on oats seedlings was studied in greenhouse experiments. The experimental results show that, for temperatures above the optimum for rust development, the higher the temperature the less vigorous the pustule development. Physiologic races that at ordinary temperatures produce a "4" type of infection tend to develop a "3" type or an "x" type at higher temperatures. At still higher temperatures the infection type becomes "2" or "1" or even merely necrotic flecks. Physiologic races of the same rust differ in their sensitiveness to temperature. In stem rust of wheat, races that had been inbred by repeated selfings for two or more generations, showed greater sensitiveness to temperature than races collected in the field. Leaf rust of wheat and crown rust of oats were less tolerant of high temperatures than stem rust of wheat.

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