Virtual-cathode oscillator emission by a pinched diode

Abstract
Pinched electron beams emit high-power microwaves by formation of a virtual cathode. Radiation occurs simultaneously with pinching or slightly thereafter. Observations of strong electrostatic fields and the partitioning of current into reflexing and transmitting populations at the same time that microwaves are emitted indicate virtual-cathode formation. Microwaves originate mainly from the virtual-cathode side of the anode. Addition of an axial magnetic field suppresses microwave radiation by inhibition of pinching.