Mechanism for the Breakdown of Adiabatic Invariance

Abstract
Computation of particle orbits in systems with more than one degree of freedom shows that adiabatic invariance is destroyed due to a resonance between the oscillation periods associated with two degrees of freedom. These resonances can be predicted qualitatively from first‐order perturbation theory, which also indicates that the breakdown is related to the precentage change in the invariant during one period of the motion.

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