The influence of binder concentration on the bond formation of pharmaceutical granules

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Abstract
The formation of particle mucilage bonds with dicalcium phosphate dihydrate and starch mucilage binder reduces the B.E.T. nitrogen adsorption surface area from 1.6 to 0.96 m2 g−1. The maximum reduction (40%) of granule surface area at a binder concentration of 10% w/w corresponded to similar optima in friability, compressability and median granule size. Surface and pore-void structural analysis by mercury intrusion could not discriminate between pore-void sizes in the range 0.5–100 nm. Nitrogen adsorption measurements showed, however, that the microporous surface area decreased from 0.3 to 0.18 m2 g−1 as binder surface coverage increased over the concentration range 2 to 20% w/w starch mucilage.