Polyamine Concentration and Ethylene Evolution in Tomato Plants under Nutritional Stress

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Abstract
Polyamine accumulation in foliage was assessed in relation to ammonium accumulation and ethylene evolution in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) under nutritional stress. Nutritional stresses were induced in greenhouse-grown plants in quartz sand with an NH4-based solution or with NO3-based solutions without P, K, Ca, or Mg. Plants receiving NH4-based nutrition had higher putrescine and lower spermidine concentrations than plants receiving NO3-based nutrition. Adding AOA (10-5m) to the nutrient solution of plants receiving NH4-based nutrition suppressed putrescine accumulation but had no effect on spermidine; silver thiosulfate (10-5 m) had no effect on polyamine accumulation. Deficiencies had no consistent effect on polyamine accumulation relative to its accumulation under full-nutrition conditions, but adding AOA restricted putrescine and spermidine accumulation in all nutrient-deficient regimes. Foliar spermine accumulation was not affected by nutritional regime. Ammonium-based nutrition resulted in enhanced putrescine and ammonium accumulation and accelerated ethylene evolution rates relative to plants receiving NO3-based nutrition. All nutrient-deficient plants had higher ammonium accumulation, and all but P-deficient plants had higher ethylene evolution than those receiving full NO3-based nutrition. Although some variability occurred among treatments, an association among putrescine accumulation, ammonium accumulation, ethylene evolution. and stress-induced symptoms was apparent. Chemical name used: (aminooxy) acetic acid (AOA).

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