The effect of polarization on radar detection of lightning

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Abstract
The polarization dependence of lightning echoes received with a 23‐cm wavelength radar is estimated theoretically and experimentally. The reduction in the lightning radar cross‐section due to the transmission of circular polarization instead of linear is measured to be about 4 dB and is much smaller than the 15‐30 dB reduction in reflectivity of weak precipitation regions. The 8.7 dB average reduction in reflectivity maxima has been observed. This leads to an increase in the detected lightning flash rate by as much as 40%. The radar cross‐section ratio of circular to linear polarization obtained experimentally suggests that lightning elements tend to be horizontally oriented.

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