Enzyme Immunoassays for Fragments (Epitopes) of Human Proatrial Natriuretic Peptides

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Abstract
Several peptides derived from the N-terminal sequence of pro-atrial natriuretic peptide (proANP) have been tested successfully as markers of heart disease. We have developed specific and sensitive competitive enzyme immunoassays for fragments [1–30] and [31–67] of proANP. Antisera were raised in sheep against synthetic peptides predicted to be highly immunogenic. Binding specificity was determined by epitope mapping. Microtiter plates were coated with antibody specific for the Fc region of sheep IgG to capture the affinity-purified specific anti-proANP antibodies in an oriented and reproducible form. Synthetic proANP calibrators or diluted samples were incubated simultaneously with biotinylated peptide and binding was quantitated using streptavidin-peroxidase and TMB. Immunoreactive proANP could be measured in diluted plasma, serum and urine. The detection limits of the proANP[1–30] and proANP[31–67] assays were 2.5 and 10 pmol/l respectively. The linearity of samples diluted beyond the recommended assay conditions was good. Recoveries of added standard peptides ranged from 102 to 112%. Circulating concentrations of immunoreactive proANP in 115 healthy subjects ranged from 0.11 to 0.47 nmol/l proANP[1–30] and 0.18 to 0.79 nmol/l proANP[31–67]. In patients with cardiac disease, proANP levels were increased significantly. The reference interval of proANP[31–67] in urine was 0.09 to 1.7 nmol/l, several-fold higher than proANP[1–30] (<0.03 to 1.1 nmol/l). After storage for 6 months at −20°C there was no detectable decrease in immunoreactivity.