Dihydropyridine-sensitive calcium channels in cardiac and skeletal muscle membranes: studies with antibodies against the .alpha. subunits

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Abstract
Polyclonal antibodies (PAC-2) against the purified skeletal muscle calcium channel was prepared and shown to be directed against .alpha. subunits of this protein by immunoblotting and immunoprecipitation. These polypeptides have an apparent molecular weight of 162,000 without reduction of disulfide bonds. Under conditions where the functional properties of the purified skeletal muscle calcium channel are retained, .beta. subunits (Mr 50,000) and .gamma. subunits (Mr 33,000) are coprecipitated, demonstrating specific noncovalent association of these three polypeptides in the purified skeletal muscle channel. PAC-2 immunoprecipitated cardiac calcium channels labeled with [3H]isopropyl 4-(2,1,3-benzoxadiazol-4-yl)-1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-(methoxycarbonyl)pyridine-3-carboxylase ([3H]PN200-110) at a 3-fold higher concentration than skeletal muscle channels. Preincubation with cardiac calcium channels blocked only 49% of the immunoreactivity of PAC-2 toward skeletal muscle channels, indicating that these two proteins have both homologous and distinct epitopes. The immunoreactive component of the cardiac calcium channel was identified by immunoprecipitation and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis as a polypeptide with an apparent molecular weight of 170,000 before reduction of disulfide bonds and 141,000 after reduction, in close analogy with the properties of the .alpha.2-subunits of the skeletal muscle channel. It is concluded that these two calcium channels have a homologous, but distinct, a.alpha. subunit as a major polypeptide component.

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