Poliovirus-Induced Apoptosis Is Reduced in Cells Expressing a Mutant CD155 Selected during Persistent Poliovirus Infection in Neuroblastoma Cells

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Abstract
Poliovirus (PV) can establish persistent infections in human neuroblastoma IMR-32 cells. We previously showed that during persistent infection, specific mutations were selected in the first extracellular domain of the PV receptor (CD155) of these cells (N. Pavio, T. Couderc, S. Girard, J. Y. Sgro, B. Blondel, and F. Colbère-Garapin, Virology 274: 331-342, 2000). These mutations included the Ala 67 → Thr substitution, corresponding to a previously described allelic form of the PV receptor. The mutated CD155 Thr67 and the nonmutated IMR-32 CD155 (CD155 IMR ) were expressed independently in murine LM cells lacking the CD155 gene. Following infection of the cells with PV, we analyzed the death of cells expressing these two forms of CD155. Levels of DNA fragmentation, caspase activity, and cytochrome c release were lower in LM-CD155 Thr67 cells than in LM-CD155 IMR cells. Thus, the level of apoptosis was lower in cells expressing mutated CD155 selected during persistent PV infection in IMR-32 than in cells expressing the wild-type receptor.