Effects of Inoculum Burial, Temperature, and Soil Moisture on Survival ofCylindrocladium crotalariaeMicrosclerotia in North Carolina

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Abstract
[Cylindrocladium black rot (CBR) of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is a peg, pod, and root rot caused by C. crotalariae (Loos) Bell and Sobers.] Survival of C. crotalariae buried 25 cm below the soil surface. Less than 5% of the initial number of microsclerotia placed on the soil surface in Nov. were recovered after 12 wk. Percentage recovery of initial inoculum from samples buried at 25 cm for 24 wk was 31, 2.2 and 55% for microsclerotia on stems in 1981, microsclerotia on stems in 1982 and microsclerotia in soil in 1982, respectively. Moisture content and weight of buried samples were less variable than for samples placed on the soil surface. Viability of microsclerotia at 4.degree. C was greater in very moist soil than in dry soil. Temperature and moisture appeared to interact in their effect on microsclerotial viability, which may partially explain the increased ability of microsclerotia to survive when buried.