Distribution of mineral nutrients within the leaves of common dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) galled by Phanacis taraxaci (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae)

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Abstract
Galls induced by the cynipid wasp Phanacis taraxaci on the leaves of common dandelion, Taraxacum officinale, alter the concentrations of various mineral nutrients found within attacked leaves. Two distinct patterns of accumulation in normal leaves, galls, and the tissues of galled leaves were observed. In the first pattern, Mn, Mg, Ca, and ash content was galled leaf > gall ≥ normal leaf, whereas in the second pattern, Cu, Zn, and Fe was gall > gall leaf ≥ normal leaf. The manner by which this gall and the insects within intercept nutrients transported down the midrib is discussed, as is the apparent variability in mineral acquisition by various gall systems. Key words: Phanacis taraxaci, gall, mineral nutrient sinks, Taraxacum.

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