Novel Cytotoxic Diterpenes, Excavatolides A−E, Isolated from the Formosan Gorgonian Briareum excavatum

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Abstract
The chemistry of Briareum excavatum, a Formosan gorgonian coral, was investigated. This study has led to the isolation of five novel marine natural products, excavatolides A−E (1−5), together with brianolide (6). The structures of the above compounds were established by spectral and chemical methods. The relative configuration of excavatolide B (2) was further confirmed by a single-crystal X-ray structure analysis. Cytotoxicity of these compounds toward various cancer cell lines also is described.