Studies of the Dyeing of Nylon with Acid Dyes

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Abstract
The rate of uptake by nylon of nine acid dyes and 21 binary mixtures thereof have been determined at pH 3 and 75° C. using infinite dye bath conditions. The results have been analyzed by a modified diffusion equation in which the flux of dye is assumed proportional to the gradient of activity of the dye on the fiber. This equation enables the adsorption of two dyes to be treated and leads to the result that the uptake of dye 1 is proportional to that of dye 2, a fact which is confirmed by the experimental data. The slope of a graph of the uptake of dye 1 versus dye 2 is related to the ratio of the diffusion coefficients, the affinities of the dyes for the fiber, and the concentrations of the dyes in the bath. Using diffusion coefficients deduced from the rate of uptake of the dyes taken singly, the affinity difference of each binary pair has been calculated. The results obtained are discussed with reference to affinity data on the same dyes obtained by desorption techniques.

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