Radio Wave Propagation in the Presence of a Tropospheric Duct

Abstract
A full-wave solution was obtained for radio wave propagation in the presence of an elevated tropospheric layer. The tropospheric layer is modeled as a trilinear refractive index profile with a sufficient lapse rate so as to result in an elevated duct. The analytical solutions give the received signal level for air-to-air propagation paths at UHF, the corresponding signal fading level, and the space diversity distance to insure good quality reception. The analysis performed here can be applied to ionospheric propagation and to the underwater acoustic channel.

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