Indirect Immunofluorescent Staining for Detection and Identification ofXanthomonas campestrispv.phaseoliin Naturally Infected Bean Seed

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Abstract
Indirect immunofluorescence (IF) was evaluated for detecting and identifying X. campestris pv. phaseoli [Xcp] in pure and mixed culture and in ''Pinto'' and ''Navy'' bean seed. IF was specific for 24 Xcp isolates tested that were collected from diverse geographical locations. Strong positive cross-reacting fluorescence was not observed when antiserum was tested against numerous X. campestris pathovars as well as other pseudomonads and common bean seed bacteria. Cells of Xcp were detected on prepared slides in mixed bacterial populations containing as few as 250 colony-forming units (cfu)/ml of Xcp and 108 cfu/ml of common bean seed bacteria. Cells of Xcp were detected in naturally infected bean seed lots with infection levels of 0.01% and in bean seed leachate to which 102 cfu/ml of Xcp were added. IF provides a reliable method for rapid screening of bean seed lots for Xcp although it is not viewed as the sole test for final determination of seed certification.