Destruction mechanism of ZnO varistors due to high currents

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Abstract
The destruction process of ZnO varistors caused by high currents is described. When high currents were applied to ZnO varistors, two kinds of destruction modes were found: a cracking mode and a puncture mode. The puncture mode is caused by melting of the region where current concentrates. The puncture process was simulated by a computer, solving a set of heat transfer equations. The relationships among the destruction energy, uniformity of the sintered body and nonohmic I‐V characteristics were obtained. The simulated results are consistent with the experimental results and show that the destruction energy depends strongly on the uniformity.

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