Chronic pain as a third pathologic emotion

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Abstract
Chronic pain is often difficult to explain on the basis of objective findings. Various theoretical models are available. Chronic nonprogressive pain may be primarily a neuropsychologic event and in the same category as the emotions of anxiety and depression, with each emotional state having neurochemical correlates now achieving some definition. General systems theory and analogy are used to compare acute and chromic pain with the phenomena of fear and axiety as well as with grief and depression.