Industrial Melanism in North American Moths

Abstract
Within the last 100 years about 70 species of moth in Britain and Europe have developed melanic forms in and around industrial areas. Similar species have developed melanic forms in eastern North America. The first melanics appeared in and around industrial areas, particularly New York City, Pittsburgh, Detroit, and Philadelphia. They have spread to other areas and may comprise over 90 per cent of the population of some species.

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