Contemporary concepts in the evaluation and management of tracheobronchomalacia in children

Publisher Website
Google Scholar
Abstract
Despite recent advances in diagnosis and treatment, severe tracheobronchomalacia remains a challenge. A combination of endoscopy and bronchography provides complementary information on the extent and site of airway collapse as well as important information on opening pressures for the collapse. Cross-sectional imaging techniques such as CT scanning and MRI have yet to find a routine place in the assessment of dynamic airway lesions. The quality of the diagnostic information is operator dependent and there are relatively few pediatric radiologists with extensive experience in pediatric tracheobronchography. Traditional treatments such as extended tracheostomy, aortopexy, and positive airways support are still appropriate in moderately severe cases. Endoscopic placement of expandable metal stents for malacia (as opposed to tracheal stenosis) remains controversial because of concerns about long-term complications.