Speed of sound in NaCl, MgCl2, Na2SO4, and MgSO4 aqueous solutions as functions of concentration, temperature, and pressure

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Abstract
The speeds of sound in aqueous solutions of NaCl, MgCl2, Na2SO4, and MgSO4 have been measured relative to pure water from 0 to 1 molal ionic strength, 0° to 55 ° C, and 0 to 1000 bar applied pressure. The 1‐atm results have been fitted to polynomial equations of concentration and temperature with standard deviations of about 0.1 m/s, U 0−U W 0=am+bm3/2+cm2 where U 0 and U W 0 are the 1‐atm sound speeds in solution and in pure water, respectively; m is molality; and a,b, and c are temperature‐dependent parameters. The effect of pressure on the relative speeds of sound has been fitted to equations of the form (U P −U W P )−(U 0−U W 0) =d m+e m 3/2+f m 2, where U P and U W P are the sound speeds of the solution and water at applied pressure P and d,e, and f are temperature‐ and pressure‐dependent parameters. The standard deviations of the least‐squares fits are within 0.12 m/s for all the salts.

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