Ephedralean pollen from the Upper Cretaceous Edmonton Formation of Alberta (Canada) and their paleoecological significance

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Abstract
Four form-genera viz. Equisetosporites, Gnetaceaepollenites, Steevesipollenites, and Singhia are distinguished from each other and seven new species belonging to three of these genera are described. A new genus Singhia is erected to accommodate polyplicate ephedralean pollen having branched ridges.An ephedralean affinity with the four form-genera mentioned above is discussed. The modern species of Ephedra are mostly distributed in arid zones but their habitat varies considerably. Ephedra being anemophilous, its pollen can be carried long distances by wind. The fossil occurrence of ephedralean pollen may not be of significance in interpreting local paleoecology.

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