Low-drive-voltage 8×8 Ti:LiNbO 3 switch with simplified tree structure

Abstract
A strictly nonblocking 8 × 8 switch matrix was fabricated with a simplified tree configuration. In this configuration, 40 directional coupler switches and 24 passive combiners are integrated in five ranks in a single chip. Owing to the reduced number of ranks, a switch element as long as 9 mm can be incorporated and a switching voltage of 11 V was obtained at a wavelength of 1.3μm.

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