THE INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE IN CEREBRAL ISCHEMIA: FOCUS ON CYTOKINES IN STROKE PATIENTS
- 1 January 2002
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Taylor & Francis in Clinical and Experimental Hypertension
- Vol. 24 (7) , 535-542
- https://doi.org/10.1081/ceh-120015330
Abstract
This paper outlines the characteristics of the inflammatory reaction to brain ischemia with the aim of underlying its relevance and specific implication in the pathogenesis of this disorder. The attention is focused on cytokines, major inflammatory mediators produced in the central nervous system and in the periphery in the context of the response to brain injury. The available data on cytokines in patients with stroke are reviewed to investigate the characteristics of the inflammatory response in human samples and to elucidate if the production of these inflammatory molecules may be related to the clinical outcome.Keywords
This publication has 26 references indexed in Scilit:
- Proinflammatory Cytokines and Early Neurological Worsening in Ischemic StrokeStroke, 2000
- Serial Measurement of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Transforming Growth Factor-β1 in Serum of Patients With Acute Ischemic StrokeStroke, 2000
- Increased IL-1β, IL-8, and IL-17 mRNA Expression in Blood Mononuclear Cells Observed in a Prospective Ischemic Stroke StudyStroke, 1999
- Inducible Nitric Oxide Production and Expression of Transforming Growth Factor-β1 in Serum and CSF after Cerebral Ischaemic Stroke in ManNitric Oxide, 1998
- Ischemic Stroke Is Associated With a Systemic Increase of Blood Mononuclear Cells Expressing Interleukin-8 mRNAStroke, 1998
- Two-way communication pathways between the brain and the immune systemNeuroscience Research Communications, 1997
- Leukocyte Activation Detected by Increased Plasma Levels of Inflammatory Mediators in Patients With Ischemic Cerebrovascular DiseasesStroke, 1996
- Serial Measurement of Interleukin-6, Transforming Growth Factor-β, and S-100 Protein in Patients With Acute StrokeStroke, 1996
- Increased Expression of TGF-β1 in Brain Tissue After Ischemic Stroke in HumansStroke, 1996
- Early Intrathecal Production of Interleukin-6 Predicts the Size of Brain Lesion in StrokeStroke, 1995