Blood Lead Analysis–Lead Loss to Storage Containers

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Abstract
The introduction and development of flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometry [FAAS] has enabled detection of trace metals in the ppb [parts per billion] and sub-ppb range. Being able to measure trace elements at such low levels seems to have created some unique problems. A fundamental problem is the loss of metallic ions to container surfaces due to adsorption, which can strongly influence both the accuracy and the reproducibility of data. Using FAAS and the standard-addition technique for [human] blood Pb analysis, in the laboratory, decreases in Pb concentrations were observed with time. This work describes the Pb loss as being directly related to the type of container material. A discussion on the inhibition of Pb loss to container surfaces by nitric acid and H2O2 is presented.