Phototoxicity to a sunscreen ingredient. Padimate A

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Abstract
P-Aminobenzoic acid and certain of its esters are widely used in sunscreens. Amyl p-dimethylaminobenzoate (padimate A) was capable of provoking phototoxic reactions. With UV-A [long wave UV] dosages of about 30 joules/cm2, a reaction grossly resembling sunburn developed in most subjects. The dominant histological feature was vacuolar degeneration of the epidermis without sunburn cells. Proprietary sunscreens containing padimate A were also shown to produce a similar reaction. One explanation for the paradox of a sunscreen that promotes sunburn is that, as affected users have concluded, the product was ineffective. The similarity between sunburn and a phototoxic response has delayed recognition of this adverse effect until now.

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