Identification of a fatty acyl responsive regulator (FarR) in Escherichia coli

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Abstract
FarR (formerly P30) has been identified as a fatty acid and fatty acyl‐CoA responsive DNA‐binding protein. It is encoded by the farR gene (g30) in the citric acid cycle gene cluster of E. coli (gltA‐sdhCDAB‐sucABCD‐farR). The amplified FarR protein specifically bound to the farR promoter (PfarR ) and exhibited weak binding to the citrate synthase and lipoamide dehydrogenase promoters. Binding at PfarR was abolished by long‐chain fatty acids and their CoA thioesters. In DNaseI footprints, FarR binding at PfaR protected two sites each characterised by two related 10‐bp direct repeats. It is suggested that farR autoregulates farR expression and may modulate citric acid cycle expression in response to long‐chain fatty acids.