SIVcpz from a naturally infected Cameroonian chimpanzee: Biological and genetic comparison with HIV‐1 N

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Abstract
Thus far, simian immunodeficiency virus from chimpanzees (SIVcpz) genomes have been characterized as Pan troglodytes troglodytes and show a strong relation with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐1 N in their env genes. We fully characterized another SIVcpz from P. t. troglodytes. This chimpanzee (Cam5) was, as was also the host of SIVcpz‐cam3, wild born in Cameroon, a region where all three groups of HIV‐1 (M, N and O) co‐occur. In contrast to other SIVcpz, SIVcpz‐cam5 was isolated immediately after the rescue of the animal. Our data demonstrate that SIVcpz‐cam5, like SIVcpz‐cam3, grows easily on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and uses CCR5 as a co‐receptor similar to HIV‐1 N YBF30. Phylogenetic analysis based on the entire env gene shows that SIVcpz‐cam5 falls into the same unique subcluster as HIV‐1 N YBF30, SIVcpz‐cam3 and SIVcpz‐US. A phylogenetic relationship was also found with the vif gene of HIV‐1 N. This study provides proof that HIV‐1 N related viruses circulate in wild P. t. troglodytes.

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