Histopathological features of vitreous removed at macular hole surgery.

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Abstract
MACULAR HOLES have become the focus of much interest and controversy in ophthalmology. Much of this renewed interest stems from new theories of pathogenesis1-4 and the development of a possible surgical treatment5 for macular holes. Despite the numerous proposed theories, the pathogenesis of these lesions is still not well understood. Most current investigators1-4 believe that tangential vitreous traction plays an important role in their pathogenesis. However, there are several mechanisms by which this tangential traction may be produced. Gass1,3,4 theorized that condensation and contraction of the prefoveal cortical vitreous with glial cell proliferation in this condensed vitreous may generate tangential traction. Guyer and Green2 suggested that fluid movements of the liquefied vitreous in an enlarged premacular bursa can exert traction on the remaining formed cortical vitreous, with that traction transmitted tangentially to the fovea.