Costs for Heart Failure With Normal vs Reduced Ejection Fraction

Abstract
Heart failure (HF) affects nearly 5 million Americans, with over 500 000 new cases diagnosed each year.1 The burden of HF is greatest in the elderly population, with 80% of HF hospitalizations and 90% of HF-related deaths occurring among those 65 years and older.2,3 As a result, HF has become the single most frequent reason for hospitalization in the elderly.2,4