A Direct Mechanism of Mammary Carcinogenesis Induced by 7,12-Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene2

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Abstract
Mammary adenocarcinomas in rats were induced by the administration of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) via 2 routes: systemic administration and direct application of the carcinogen to the mammary gland. Hyperplastic alveolar nodules (HANs) were numerous in the mammary glands of all rats receiving a single intravenous injection of DMBA, but they were never seen in the mammary glands of rats given a local application of DMBA. This absence of HANs in the mammary gland occurred in all instances with no regard to the dose of carcinogen. With this method of direct application, tumors developed only in the mammary gland where the carcinogen was applied; induced tumors were hormonedependent adenocarcinomas. Microscopic tumors originated in the ducts as early as 30 days after local application of the carcinogen. Thus formation of HANs was not essential in mammary carcinogenesis when DMBA was applied directly.

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