Internal-Mammary Implantation Operations for Relief of Myocardial Ischemia

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Abstract
A SATISFACTORY operation for myocardial ischemia has been slow of development because of the difficulty of evaluating results. Subjective improvement has been known to occur even when the operations were anatomically unsuccessful,1 and methods of measuring coronary blood flow sufficiently sensitive to detect small changes have not been perfected.Until recently there has been no method that has been reliable even for the detection of the anatomic patency of new channels in vivo. With the work of Sones and Shirey,2 however, permitting direct injection of contrast substance into small arteries, the patency of single arterial implants can now be visualized. This . . .