THE EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON THE GROWTH OF FROG CARCINOMA

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Abstract
Just as in normal tissues, growth and development of a malignant neoplasm are influenced by temp. both quanti-tatively and qualitatively. The most! striking effect was the acceleration in the rate of growth of the tumor at higher temp., and retardation at lower. The ultimate size attained within periods averaging 3 months was regularly much greater at higher temp. At high temp., there was more efficient vascularization, and the tumors formed long, branching, tubular outgrowths and cysts; at low temp. the outgrowths were short and stubby and cysts were rare. These differences were accentuated by repeatedly passing the tumor from one generation to another. In particular, in such serial passages, there was a remarkable tendency for the tumor to develop greatly dilated tubules and large cysts, which later, however, became solid as the result of ingrowth from the wall. The carcinoma in the frog can exist over a wide range of temp. Even a temp. as low as 4[degree], as in the hibernation expt., produces no injury to the tumor. This result is consistent with the common oc-currence of large, healthy, spontaneous tumors in frogs which have recently hibernated in their natural state.

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