Polarized fluorescence study of retinals at room temperature

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Abstract
The solid films of all-trans, 9-cis, and 13-cis retinals have been found to be fluorescent at room temperature. Their polarization study with the aim of understanding the nature of their fluorescent state has also been carried out at room temperature. The high positive polarization of fluorescence with respect to the excitation carried out in the main 1Bu ← 1Ag absorption transition of retinals suggests that their fluorescent state possesses a large amount of 1Bu character. A vibronic coupling mechanism that suggests the 1Ag− (a weakly allowed π,π*) state or 1n,π* state being the lowest singlet state in retinals has also been considered.

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