Detailed Analysis of Sulphate and Nitrate Atmospheric Deposition Estimates at the Turkey Lakes Watershed

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Abstract
Daily concentrations of sulphates and nitrates in air and precipitation were measured atthe Turkey Lakes Watershed from September 1980 until December 1984. The measurement data were used to estimate wet, dry, and total deposition of sulphates and nitrates to the watershed. Over the 4 yr, the annual values of total (wet plus dry) deposition ranged from 34 to 38 (± 15%) mmol∙m−2∙yr−1 for SO42− and from 38 to 47 (± 30%) mmol∙m−2∙yr−1 for NO3−. On a molar basis, the deposition of total NO3− exceeded the deposition of total SO42− by 19%. However, when converted to equivalents, total SO42− exceeded total NO3− by 68%. Dry deposition represented approximately 15 and 25% of the total deposition of SO42− and NO3−, respectively, to the watershed. Wet and dry deposition of sulphate and nitrate was found to be highly episodic, with the top 20% of daily events delivering 60–70% of the total sulphur and nitrogen deposition to the watershed. Statistically significant seasonal cycles were found in the concentration and deposition values of most of the sulphur and nitrogen species measured at the watershed.

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