Fracture Energy‐Based Plasticity Formulation of Plain Concrete

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Abstract
A comprehensive constitutive model is developed for the triaxial behavior of plain concrete. The formulation covers the full load‐response spectrum in tension as well as in compression. The concrete model is based on the nonassociated flow theory of plasticity with hardening in the prepeak regime and fracture energy‐based softening in the post‐peak regime. The constitutive development is guided by recent experimental observations on laboratory specimens which are loaded under “mixed” control in tension and in triaxial compression at different levels of lateral confinements. The constitutive parameters are calibrated from a series of stroke‐controlled laboratory experiments which include direct tension and triaxial compression tests at different confinements. The predictive quality of the fracture energy‐based plasticity model is ascertained with a number of separate load‐history experiments for which triaxial test data are available in the concrete literature. Pertinent remarks on the numerical implementa...

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