Abstract
Extensive research on schistosomiasis was made in China in 1956 with the National Research Council on Schistosomiasis spearheading the project. During the second session of the Council held from December 4 to 12, 1956, more than 200 papers were presented, the essentials of which are as follows: Epidemiological studies The year 1956 was an important one for it was the first of the designated seven to twelve years in which schistosomiasis is to be liquidated in the country. It was also the year when all technical, material and personnel preparations had to be made for the huge undertaking. Armed with the general knowledge on schistosomiasis, villagers were able to report the occurrence of the intermediate host, Oncomelania snails, and/or the existence of patients with visible symptoms such as ascites. Guided by such information, the staffs of local anti-schistosomiasis stations were able to start a systematic survey on the distribution of Oncomelania snails and the incidence among the population.

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