Freeze‐preservation of rice cells: A physiological study of freeze‐thawed cells

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Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativaL.) cells returning to in vitro culture after preservation at superlow temperature in liquid nitrogen are characterized by a number of physiological alterations. These include: reduction in respiration and glucose uptake, loss of intracellular potassium, decrease in the cellular level of key metabolites (ATP, glucose‐6‐phosphate and pyruvate) and fragility of protoplasts following the action of cell wall‐degrading enzymes.Nevertheless, cell growth resumes after a short lag phase (2–4 days) with an actual 70–100% cell survival, thus indicating that the observed damage is not lethal and can be repaired in a short time.