Gastritis and Gastroscopic Biopsy

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Abstract
IN 1937 Palmer1 hailed Schindler's flexible gastroscope as the instrument that had finally brought the element of objectivity into the diagnosis of disease of the gastric mucosa. In 1947 Schindler2 himself expressed delight at the general acceptance of his diagnostic instrument only fifteen years after its introduction. Benedict,3 in 1948, devised the operating gastroscope; as a result of his experience with biopsies of gastric mucosa obtained with this instrument, he challenges the adequacy of conventional gastroscopy as a diagnostic method. He believes that no gastroscopic examination is complete unless biopsy under direct vision is available.4 The experience of others, using . . .