Finite element computation of microwave scattering by raindrops

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Abstract
Initial attention is directed toward summarizing the finite element method (FEM) analysis technique. This is followed by a discussion of exact lossy offset sphere verification tests as well as comparisons with oblate spheroid scattering results, as presented in two previous independent publications. The FEM is then applied to the computation of scattering by the theoretical raindrop shapes as derived by Pruppacher and Pitter. Vertical and horizontal polarizations are considered for 30‐GHz plane waves, having both 90° broadside and 50° canted arrival angles. Tabulated and graphical bistatic scattering results are presented, comparing the Pruppacher and Pitter drops with equivolume oblate spheroids.