Abstract
Electrochemistry with three‐dimensional electrodes. Three‐dimensional electrodes such as are used in fixed‐bed and fluidized bed electrolysis are suitable for purifying waste water containing heavy metals and for metal recovery from dilute solutions, and also open up new possibilities for electrochemical purification of waste gases. An account of the theoretical principles of the macrokinetics of these systems is followed by descriptions of a waste‐water purification process by fixed bed electrolysis, which is already in industrial use, of the rotating fixed‐bed electrode, and of the state of the art of fluidized bed electrolysis for production of metals. An electrochemical absorption tower permits removal of chlorine and sulphur dioxide from waste gases.