Purification and Properties of Hibiscus Chlorotic Ringspot Virus

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Abstract
A serologically identical virus was isolated from 14 cultivars of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis, some of which showed mosaic or chlorotic rings, or spots of various sizes and intensity on most leaves. The virus was readily isolated when flower petals were triturated in buffer, and the homogenate rubbed on H. cannabinus (kenaf) seedlings. The virus infected 12 of 13 spp. of the Malvaceae that were tested, but infected only 8 of 54 spp. representing 21 other families. The only nonmalvaceous genera with susceptible species were Chenopodium, Gomphrena, Phaseolus, Vigna, Antirrhinum, Digitalis and Torenia. The best local lesion hosts were Chenopodium quinoa and C. amaranticolor with distinct chlorotic lesions, and kenaf, which produced necrotic lesions. Yields of the single-component virus purified from kenaf averaged 0.35 mg/g of tissue. Virus particles, stained with 2% phosphotungstic acid adjusted to pH 6.8, measured 27-30 nm. An immunized rabbit produced an antiserum with a titer of 1:512. The virus was serologically unrelated to any of 43 other spherical viruses. Sap from diseased kenaf remained infectious for 30 days at 22.degree. C, when heated to 72.degree. C for 10 min or when diluted 1 .times. 10-8. Ratio of bases was A [adenosine] = 25.5, C [cytosine] = 26.4, G [guanine] = 23.8, and U [uracil] = 24.3. The virus probably is the same as the Hibiscus ringspot virus described in the literature.

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