Abstract
The effect of the virtual excitation of nuclear levels on the elastic electron-scattering cross section is calculated by means of a phase-shift analysis method under the assumption that the inelastic excitation is represented by a single monopole transition and that the nuclear excitation energy can be neglected. The formulas are applied to the case of 250-MeV electrons and positrons incident on the nucleus of Ca. Effects of the order of 5% are found in the vicinity of the first diffraction minimum.