The relation of ethnic identification with cigarette smoking among US Urban African American and Latino Youth: A pilot study

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Abstract
Primarily African American and Latino seventh graders (N = 545) attending health and science classes at three urban Southern California junior high schools were administered a 13‐item ethnic identification assessment during one class period, to investigate the relationship between ethnic identification and tobacco use. For African Americans, the perception of looking different from other ethnic groups was found to be associated with avoidance of peer tobacco use. Among Latinos, the perception of being liked by other ethnic groups, and enjoying interaction with people outside of their ethnic group, were found to be associated with negating peer influence for tobacco use. Watching television shows with main characters of same ethnic group was associated with being able to make friends without using tobacco, for both ethnic groups. For Latinos, ever trying a cigarette was associated with the perception of being liked by other ethnic groups. These results suggest there may be elements inherent in ethnic identification protective against peer influence for smoking among ethnic minority youth. Also, acculturation of Latinos to the majority population may increase their risk for experimentation with tobacco products.